Improvement in moktisfflg-machines



@gatteo giants gste-nt @Hirt Gunmen ORTON AND JOHN RICHARDS, OF'OINGINNATI, OHIO.

Letters Patent No. 79,249, dated June 23, 1868i.'

itin ,rlnhulr referrer( in iii Ilgese lrtttts @getint mit uniting nari' ni tige snuit.

Be itknownv that w'e,iGnRnI'i.V'7 OnrON and JOHN'Rr-cusnns, ot'Cincinnati, in the county of Hamilton, and

State of Ohio, have `invented certain new and useful Improvements vPower Mortising-Machinesg andwe do hereby declare the following to be a full andexact description of thesame, reference being had to the accompanying drawings forming apart'oflhis speciticaticn, in which-V Figure 2 a side elevation of machine, constrructed on'our plan, and embodying our. several improvements.

Similar-letters ofreferenee on thediiferent figures .indicate corresponding parts.

`Various devices 'havebeen usedto produce. what is known as agraduated stroke of thechisel and chisel;

burin power mortising-mach'ines.

To meet the various conditions of,woodinortising it is required- First, that the chisel have a variable movement, controlled by the'operator, that is, the chisel has to work down into the mortise'by degrees, increasing in depth at each stroke, until it reaches the bottom.

Second, tbs'variable strokeof the chisel-bar has to'commence from a Stillpoint, or a point where Ithere is no movement, so as 'to admit of any necessary adjustment ofthe chisel, and to reverse the bar, and also to pref vent unnecessary wear ofthe reciprocating parts when the chisel is' not in action.

Third,`it is required that the-chiselfbar should have a fixed .point (or its position when at rest) above thev extreme upper' stroke; Thisgives the 'machincthe capacity of cutting a mortisle as deep as the whole throw of the eccentric.

' In devicesfor a graduated stroke' of the chisel-bar by a'variable eccentric,'the chisel requires a'stroke of nt least-'twice the depth'ot' the mortise, as 'its fixed position is in the centre of the stroke, and the movement is entirely different from that Yot' our machine, as will hereafter ,beexplaineih The-nature of our *invention consists in a novel means of producing a graduated stroke of the chisel, with a fixed point above the pathdf the stroke bysmeans of connected and radial links, all ha'ving annular bearings, ywith compensating adjustment, vand inthe special devices for carrying this :invention into e'ect, asA hereinafter explained. Y

Also, in a frietional device to regulate and steady thc motion of the parts, and to prevent vibration in the radial links, as will be speciiied. i

Also, 'in a table for supporting the piece to be operated upon, lhaving peculiar adjustments, and so compounded -as to admit of what is known as hand-feed or carriage-feed," at ythewill of'the operator, aswill be hereafter fully described. i

To enable others skilled'in the art to make and useour invention, we will proceed to describe themanner of constructing and operating the same, referring to the drawings accompanying this, as part of the speciicationiV a is the main column, cored out 'hollow in the usual manner of'box-frames, witha broad lan'gcd base,`

as shown.

On the top of this column is mounted the crank-shaft b, carrying;drivingpulloysand crankfwheel, coustructed in the usual manner. i i

TheV crank-pin C is connected to the chisel-har d by a pivoted connectio'n,'cons isting of the twoV links'm and n. These links are connected by athrough-pin, o, passing through the joint at their' connection, and also through the upper end'of the radial link E, iig. 2'. .This link E swings on a stud atf, inserted in the radial arm gras shown.- The arm g is keyed on a shaft, S, passing through the column a, supported by suitable bearings, and operated bythe cross-lever L, rod a', and treadle k. The lever .7i has a weight, l, attached tov one end, to return the chisel-bar and links to the position shown', when the ltreadle 7c is released from the foot of thc opera- Y. tor, as will be understood. Onthisl shaft, S, within the column, is a friction-pulley, shown by dotted lines in tig. 2. Y This pulley is keyed firmly to the shaft S, and hasa segmental friction-plate or b'reak, p, iig. V1,": .pplied to one side, and'pressed upA against the pulley by means of the screw q, which regulatesthe degree of resistance yotlered to the rotation of shaft S.

The bearings of the chisel-bar are constructed in the usual manner, and a reversing-device, t, applied, to revolve the chisel-bar a halt` turn in either direction, as will-be understood.

The table-support a is mounted on a large stud, b, cast upon the plate C', and is arranged to move to and from the column a by means of the screw d. The t'able E slides upon-the top of support a by means of a handwheel,f, and a rack and pinion, in the usual manner.

g is a clamp-screw, passing through a radial swinging nut-piece, t, and is adjustable, by moving the 'piece h", so that it can be made to bear in the centre of large or small pieces, when placed upon Ithe table E to be mortised.

The piece z", through which screw eZ passes, is arranged to swing on the screw m', carrying with it the tablesupport a and table E', by rotating@l on the stud I1', as will be understood.

- The bent stops at are used to keep the stuft` down upon the table, and prevent it risingby the action of the chisel, and are retained in their position and adjusted by eye-bolts, passing through the table, as shown in dotted lines, g. 2.

To operate the machine, the operator presses down the treadlc c, which moves the radial arm g, by means as before explained. This arm g carries the pivotfaway from the centre u, and gra-dually brings the pivoted connection m n into line, giving a reciprocating motion to the chisel-bar d, equal to the throw 'of the crank-pin C. The link E being sustained nearly in a horizontal position, forms a guide for the joint o, the several parts being so constructed that the connection 'm n-formsa straight line, when receiving the greatest force of the blow.

When the mortise is completed, the4 operator raises his foot from the treadle, and the weight Z returns the v radial arm g to its first position, and, as the two pivot-centres u andfcoincide, no motion of the chisellbar is produced, and the links m and E vibrate .upon the fixed centres u andjQ-as before stated.

The frictional device upon the shaft S, by offering a steady resistance to its rotation in either direction,`

prevents'any vibration in thejointf when theVchisel-bar is operating, or being thrown into operation, but is not sulcient to prevent the action of the weight AZ or treadle 7c.

In mortising -with what is called a carragefeed, thenut-piece 'h is.adjusted to allow the screw g to bear in the centre of the piece, or in a point tol correspond with its depth.

The stops n are removed, and thc 'stuff is firmly clamped by screw g, and fed along by the wheelf, in the usual manner.

When the mortise -is required to be diagonal with the face of the piece, the clamp-nut z" is leosed, and the' `table-support a is set at the proprer inclination, and fastened by screw m', the. carriage-movement not being interfered with. j i

For hand-feed, when light pieces are to be mortised, the piece h and clamp-screw g are removed, and the table E locked by means of the clamp-stop o', tig. lThe stops n n are inserted, and the whole becomes a hand-feed table, having all the advantagescommon to those constructed especially for that purpose.

aving thus described the nature and objects of our invention, what we claim as new, and desire to secure vby Letters Patent, is-

1. The frictionaldevice p and g, for controlling the action of the treadle and chisel-bar, substantially'as vherein described. i

2. Adjusting the table-support a laterally upon the stud b', inthe manner and for the purposes shown.

3. The bent stops n n', when arranged to swing and adjust to different points on the stu, in the manner hereiaset forth and shown. y

4. The adjustable nut-pieceh, arranged with a clamping-screw, to act ou stuffof diiferent thickness, in the manner and for the object asspeciied. l

5. The rotating clamp-piece ,fo'r adjusting and holdin'grr the table-support` a in different positions, as shown,

and for the objects described.

G. 'V. ORTON,

JNO. RICHARDS. Witnesses:

W. S. KELLEY, W. E. LoUDoN. 

